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achilles tendon


What is Achilles Tendonitis ?


It is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation and irritation of the Achilles tendon, that can occur either in the acute or chronic form.

The tendon is a large rope-like band of fibrous tissue that connects the large calf muscles (Gastrocnemius and Soleus) to the heel bone (calcaneus). It is the largest and the most frequently ruptured tendon in the human body.

Research indicates that this injury accounts for around 11% of all running injuries. In US, it is known to inflict over 230,000 patients every year

If left untreated, it can make the patient vulnerable to the risk of an Achilles tendon rupture.


The Symptoms


• Pain anywhere along the back of the tendon, usually close to the heel
• Mild pain after exercise or running that gradually worsens
• Swelling or thickening around the tendon
• Limited ankle flexibility
• Tenderness in the morning, about an inch above the point where the Achilles tendon is attached to the heel bone
• Redness or heat over painful area
• Stiffness that generally disappears as the tendon warms up with use
• Appearance of a lumpy build-up of scar tissue (nodule) on the tendon
• Cracking sound with ankle movement

It should be noted that since a partial tendon tear and heel bursitis have similar symptoms, an orthopedic surgeon must be contacted for a proper diagnosis.


Causes


• Rapid increase in the running mileage or speed
• Adding hill running or stair climbing to the training routine
• Tight or fatigued calf muscles, which further transfer the burden of running to the tendon
• Trauma caused by a sudden or hard contraction of the calf muscle, when over-exerting, such as in a final sprint
• Overuse, as a result of a natural lack of flexibility in the calf muscles
• Medication side-effects

Overpronation is also considered to be a leading cause of Achilles tendonitis. It is a practice where the athlete rotates the feet too far inwards on impact.


Prevention


• Choose your running shoes carefully. Opt for the motion-control shoes and orthotics to correct overpronation
• Walk and stretch to warm up gradually before running
• Focus on stretching and strengthening the calf muscles
• Increase your running distance and speed at a maximum of 10% a week
• Avoid unaccustomed strenuous sprinting and hill running
• Follow a proper regimen for cooling down


Medical Treatment


• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs), such as Alleve and Motrin for 10-14 days
• Orthotics,can be used to give support to the muscle and relieve stress to the tendon, for instance, heel pad, heel cup, heel cradle or shoe insert
• In some cases, a bandage specifically designed to restrict motion of the tendon proves helpful
• Physical therapy, such as HVGS (electrical stimulation) may also be advised

Surgery is considered for Achilles Tendonitis only when the friction between the tendon and its covering sheath makes the sheath thick and fibrous. In such cases, surgery is planned to remove the fibrous tissue and repair any tears. However, recovery after such procedures might be slow. The patient may also have to wear a temporary cast.


Home Treatment

• Take a break from your running schedule till you can do heel raises and jumping exercises comfortably
• Follow ice-therapy. Apply ice to the Achilles tendon for 10 minutes every 2 hours, which will help in reducing inflammation
• Avoid any weight-bearing exercises
• Keep the foot elevated wherever possible
• Self-massage with arnica oil or an anti-inflammatory gel, rubbing in semi-circles in all directions away from the knotted tissue, thrice a day, till the nodule disappears
• Do gentle stretching exercises using the calf muscle
• Try swimming, pool running or low-gear cycling as alternate exercises

For more information about Tendonitis Treatments take a look at Tendonitis.net where you will find detailed information, links and a newsletter all about Tendonitis Problems.

Another great source of information is The Stretching Institute, where you will find some great preventative stretching routines.




Usefull Links

Tendonitis.net - Your Source for Tendinitis Information and Treatment Options

Are You suffering from Tendonitis? Tendonitis.net offers information and treatment options about tendonitis, tendonitis treatment, tendonitis symptoms,tendonitis relief, tendinitis pain and more.
http://www.tendonitis.net




Sportsinjuryclinic.net is solely owned by Return To Fitness Ltd a family run business with highly qualified and experienced staff

A very informative site with a wealth of clear and informative information.

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